Fundacion

Publicado en: Revista Española de Artroscopia y Cirugía Articular (REACA)

La medicina regenerativa es una nueva disciplina de la medicina, con un futuro muy prometedor para el tratamiento de muchas dolencias que aquejan al ser humano. Para muchas enfermedades todavía está en fase de experimentación. Uno de los campos en los que más ha avanzado es en el tratamiento del cartílago, desde la utilización de cultivos de condrocitos autólogos en medio líquido, al empleo de biomateriales como la membrana de colágeno I/III y, finalmente, al aumento de dosis celular en la técnica ICC. Por ello, en las lesiones de cartílago de grado III/IV de Outerbridge de rodilla, tobillo y ahora ya en cadera, podemos usar la técnica de implante de condrocitos en membrana (ICC), consiguiendo la regeneración del tejido cartilaginoso. Se trata de medicina regenerativa, pues se forma un tejido cartilaginoso de naturaleza hialina con la misma estructura y función que el cartílago articular sano. Además, los pacientes presentan una recuperación funcional excelente, consiguiendo la vuelta al deporte en muchas ocasiones.

Referencia:

Isabel Guillén Vicente, Marta Guillén Vicente, Lucía Aboli Martínez, Juan Manuel López Alcorocho, María Dolores Pérez Pérez, Ramón Navarro Mont, Ana Belén Abenoja Lobo, Elena Rodríguez Íñigo, Pedro Guillén García

Link: https://fondoscience.com/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/reaca.28171.fs1909039-instant-cemtro-cell-icc-implante-condrocitos.pdf

Publicado en: Nature Communications

Abstract. DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8 (DGCR8) is a critical component of the canonical microprocessor complex for microRNA biogenesis. However, the non-canonical functions of DGCR8 have not been studied. Here, we demonstrate that DGCR8 plays an important role in maintaining heterochromatin organization and attenuating aging. An N-terminal-truncated version of DGCR8 (DR8^dex2) accelerated senescence in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) independent of its microRNA-processing activity. Further studies revealed that DGCR8 maintained heterochromatin organization by interacting with the nuclear envelope protein Lamin B1, and heterochromatin-associated proteins, KAP1 and HP1γ. Overexpression of any of these proteins, including DGCR8, reversed premature senescent phenotypes in DR8^dex2 hMSCs. Finally, DGCR8 was downregulated in pathologically and naturally aged hMSCs, whereas DGCR8 overexpression alleviated hMSC aging and mouse osteoarthritis. Taken together, these analyses uncovered a novel, microRNA processing-independent role in maintaining heterochromatin organization and attenuating senescence by DGCR8, thus representing a new therapeutic target for alleviating human aging-related disorders.

Referencia:

Liping Deng, Ruotong Ren, Zunpeng Liu, Moshi Song, Jingyi Li, Zeming Wu, Xiaoqing Ren, Lina Fu, Wei Li, Weiqi Zhang, Pedro Guillen, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Piu Chan, Jing Qu & Guang-Hui Liu

Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-10831-8

Publicado en: Cartilage

Purpose. Two-year follow-up to assess efficacy and safety of high-density autologous chondrocyte implantation (HD-ACI) in patients with cartilage lesions in the ankle. Design. Twenty-four consecutive patients with International Cartilage repair Society (ICRS) grade 3-4 cartilage lesions of the ankle were included. Five million chondrocytes per cm2 of lesion were implanted using a type I/III collagen membrane as a carrier and treatment effectiveness was assessed by evaluating pain with the visual analogue scale (VAS) and American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score at baseline, 12-month, and 24-month follow-up, together with dorsal and plantar flexion. Magnetic resonance observation for cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score was used to evaluate cartilage healing. Histological study was possible in 5 cases. Results. Patients’ median age was 31 years (range 18-55 years). Median VAS score was 8 (range 5-10) at baseline, 1.5 (range 0-8) at 12-month follow-up, and 2 (rang e0-5) at 24-month follow-up (P < 0.001). Median AOFAS score was 39.5 (range 29-48) at baseline, 90 (range 38-100) at 12-month follow-up, and 90 (range 40-100) at 24-month follow-up (P < 0.001). Complete dorsal flexion significantly increased at 12 months (16/24, 66.7%) and 24 months (17/24, 70.8%) with regard to baseline (13/24, 54.2%) (P = 0.002). MOCART at 12- and 24-month follow-ups were 73.71 ± 15.99 and 72.33 ± 16.21. Histological study confirmed that neosynthetized tissue was cartilage with hyaline extracellular matrix and numerous viable chondrocytes. Conclusion. HD-ACI is a safe and effective technique to treat osteochondral lesions in the talus, providing good clinical and histological results at short- and mid-term follow-ups.

Referencia:

Juan Manuel López-Alcorocho, Isabel Guillén-Vicente, Elena Rodríguez-Iñigo, Ramón Navarro, Rosa Caballero-Santos, Marta Guillén-Vicente, Mercedes Casqueiro, Tomás F. Fernández-Jaén, Fernando Sanz, Santiago Arauz, Steve Abelow, and Pedro Guillén-García

Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30880428/